A transformer comprises of primary, secondary, and tertiary windings; and the performance of a transformer depends upon the flux linkage between these windings. It is the magnetic flux between the windings that connects them to the core of the transformers, which allows the current to flow through effectively. For efficient flux linkage, a low reluctance magnetic path that is common to all the windings needs to be provided, which makes the core one of the most important parts of a transformer. The core is made of magnetic materials with high magnetic permeability properties so that the magnetic field can be guided through. This is how magnetic fields are produced in a variety of electrical, magnetic, and electromechanical devices like electric motors, generators, electromagnets, inductors, etc. The magnetic field is produced by a current carrying wire coiled around the core, which increases the magnetic field of the coil by hundreds or thousands! For purchasing the best-in-class transformers made of high quality and carefully planned materials and structures, you must get in touch with a standardized and recognized transformer manufacturer in India like Miracle Electronics, so that you can rest assured to have the best performance with a long life for your device. You can choose from the below mentioned materials to be used within the transformer that you want for your application.
Solid iron
This material is the most commonly used for transformers cores as it helps to assist high magnetic fields without iron saturation. And, due to the prevailing high temperatures and high frequency eddy currents generated from the magnetic field, solid iron is used only for DC applications.
Amorphous steel
Another popular material used for transformer cores, amorphous steel has minimal losses as compared to other materials; and it is popularly used in high temperature transformers, high efficiency transformers, and medium frequency transformers.
Silicon steel
This material is widely used in cores because of its high electrical resistivity and long-term performance stability, making it an ideal choice for high performance applications. Silicon steel also provides high saturation flux density, and possesses the properties of high permeability and low losses in its latest modification which is named as AISI type M6.
Amorphous metal
This is a glassy or non-crystalline metal that is popular for its low conductivity, making it great for high performance transformers. It can be highly responsive to magnetic fields for low hysteresis losses, which is the cause of low conductivity that reduces eddy current losses.
Carbonyl iron
Carbonyl iron cores are made with powdered carbonyl iron with small iron spheres that are coated with a layer of thin insulation to reduce the effects of eddy currents at high temperatures, making it useful for various magnetic flux and temperature levels.
Ferrite ceramic
Ferrite ceramic cores also reduce eddy currents, making them useful for high frequency equipment and insulation efficiency because of the usage of iron oxide along with one or more metallic substances within them.