Transformers are electrical devices designed and manufactured to step up or down the voltage, operating on a simple principle of magnetic induction, with no moving parts in the construction. When the voltage on the input side is transformed by a transformer, to the voltage required by the device or equipment connected to the output, it inversely increases or decreases the current flow between different voltage levels. Thus, if the voltage on the input side increases, the current flow decreases; and if the voltage on the input side decreases, the current flow increases. In this way, electrical transformers represent the law of conservation of energy, which says that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but only transformed.
The basic construction of a transformer
As mentioned above, electrical transformers do not have any moving parts. So then, what is the basic construction of a transformer? The most basic form of a transformer consists of two coils or windings – primary and secondary – which function as inputs and outputs, made of electrically conductive wire wound around an electrical grade metallic or non-metallic core. Each type of transformer has a different shape and size, having a different material used for its core. For example, the general shape of a transformer is square or rectangle, but a toroidal transformer has a round shape. Also, generally transformers are made of metallic cores like iron and steel, but there are also such transformers that make use on non-metals, or may not even have a core, for example, air-core transformers. Whatever kind of transformer, but one most important thing is that it must be well-designed and off the highest quality, so that it can be remarkably reliable and durable to be expected to function continuously and trouble-free for years under rated operating conditions.
The basic function of a transformer
Just like every transformer has a different shape, size, and construction, each transformer also functions differently. But again, the basic function of every transformer remains the same – to transform the voltage within am electrical circuit. When the primary coil receives the voltage and is energized, the core gets magnetized, and the voltage is subsequently induced or stimulated in the secondary coil; thus the primary coil is known as the input, and secondary coil, the output. But, the change in voltage between both these coils is dependent upon the turns ratio of the coils. When the transformer is loaded, when the device or equipment the transformer is designed to power is connected, and the transformer is energized, the load begins to draw current at the voltage that the transformer was designed to deliver.
Are you looking to transform such current? What kind of transformer are you looking for? Whatever your choice, preference, and requirement, you can get it all at Miracle Electronics, the country’s leading power, isolation, audio, EI, UI, SMPS, and toroidal transformer manufacturer in India. At Miracle Electronics, you can opt for readily available transformers, or also have your transformers especially customized with your choice of materials and construction, to satisfy your requirements.